Cancer is a disease that arises from abnormal cells in organs and can spread if not treated continuously. And of course, cancer can occur in almost every part of the body. One of the most common cancers in Thai men, “prostate cancer,” is just as feared as other types of cancer because of its severity, which occurs slowly and does not have many clear symptoms. Most people think that it is a disease that occurs with age, but in fact, some people may have prostate cancer cells since they were young. Today, คาสิโนออนไลน์ UFABET ฝากถอนรวดเร็ว เริ่มต้นเล่นง่าย will explain how prostate cancer actually occurs, who is at risk, and what are the treatment methods?

What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is when cells from the prostate gland undergo abnormal changes and grow or divide themselves rapidly, which has many effects, such as blockage of the urethra and destruction of normal cells from cancer cells. Moreover, these malignant cancer cells can spread to other organs, such as bones, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc., which will cause damage to these invaded organs as well. The prostate gland
is located deep in the base of the penis in the pelvis. It is an endocrine gland that is important to the male reproductive system. It nourishes sperm and protects the DNA in sperm to be safe at the right temperature. The prostate gland can grow with age, and most men aged 60 and over are at risk of prostate enlargement, which directly affects the urinary tract. If left untreated, it can be harmful to the body and may also increase the risk of prostate cancer.

What causes prostate cancer?

For the cause of prostate cancer, it is expected to be caused by changes in the DNA of normal prostate cells and lead to uncontrolled cell growth. As age increases, the risk of prostate cancer increases. It is often found in men aged 50 years and older and is also common in dark-skinned men. In addition, those who are obese also increase the risk of prostate cancer.

Is prostate cancer dangerous?

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in American men, after lung cancer. Approximately 1 in 41 men die from prostate cancer, making prostate cancer seem like a serious disease. But most men who are diagnosed with prostate cancer do not die from the disease. More than 3.1 million men in the United States are diagnosed with prostate cancer and are still alive today.

Who is at risk for prostate cancer?

• Men age 50 and older should get a prostate cancer marker (PSA) test.
• People who have a family history of prostate cancer are at the highest risk.
• People who are overweight and have not exercised for a long time
• People who eat mostly fatty foods, high-energy foods, and meat.

Prostate Cancer Warning Signs

As mentioned earlier, prostate cancer does not usually show any symptoms in the early stages, which is why most men tend to be complacent. All men can check for the following signs:

• Frequent urination at night
• Pain during urination and ejaculation near climax
• Urine does not flow as normally and may not completely empty the bladder.
• There is blood in the urine.
• The penis is not as erect as it used to be.

How to screen and diagnose prostate cancer by a specialist

• A preliminary examination involves palpation of the prostate gland. The doctor will insert a finger into the rectum to look for cancerous lumps and assess the size, shape, and elasticity of the prostate gland.
• Check for PSA (Prostatic-Specific Antigen) or cancer markers in the blood. If the value is found to be in the range of 0-4 ng/ml, it should be checked annually. If the value is found to be higher than that, a detailed examination should be performed as advised by the doctor.
• Trans-rectal Ultrasound of the Prostate (TRUS) is a procedure that uses a probe inserted into the rectum to assess the characteristics of the prostate gland.
• A prostate biopsy is performed where a doctor sends a piece of prostate tissue to a laboratory to determine if there are cancer cells.

Stages of prostate cancer

The stages of prostate cancer cell spread can be divided into 4 stages as follows:

• Stage 1 is the early stage when cancer cells have not spread and is found only in the prostate gland.
• Stage 2 is also a stage where the cancer cells have not spread, but the lump has become larger.
• Stage 3: Cancer cells have started to spread beyond the outer surface of the prostate gland and may have spread to the seminal vesicles.
• Stage 4 is the most dangerous stage and has spread to the bones and lymph nodes.

Current treatment guidelines for prostate cancer

Currently, there are many ways to treat prostate cancer. However, there are 3 main methods that most doctors recommend:

• Surgical treatment Surgery
  is the most accurate way to cut off the source of cancer. However, one thing that is unavoidable is postoperative pain, so a long recovery period is required. The surgery is performed in the following locations:
  • Open abdominal surgery is a surgical method to remove the prostate gland and other parts where cancer cells have spread, such as the seminal vesicles and seminal vesicles, in order to stop the growth of cancer cells to various parts. Currently, the surgery is performed using cameras and robots, resulting in a smaller surgical wound, allowing patients to recover faster and requiring less recovery time.
  • Testicular surgery is a procedure that reduces testosterone (male sex hormone) by permanently removing the testicles. It is a low-risk, effective procedure, but it can be an option that may affect the self-confidence of the patient.
• Radiation therapy
  involves radiation and implantation of a radioactive material into the prostate gland to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. It is a non-surgical method that is as effective as abdominal surgery, but the disadvantage is that other complications may occur and hormone medications must be used in conjunction.
• Treatment with hormone therapy.
  The last method is hormone injection to help suppress hormones from the pituitary gland from stimulating the testicles. This is a continuous treatment after abdominal surgery in cases where cancer cells are still spreading. Patients must receive injections every 3 months until they see real results.